Polyvalent DNA gold nanoparticles, now more commonly referred to as spherical nucleic acids, (Fig. 1) are colloidal gold particles densely modified with
Colloidal gold is a sol or colloidal suspension of nanoparticles of gold in a fluid, usually water. The colloid is coloured usually either wine red (for
original polyvalent DNA gold nanoparticle conjugate (Fig. 3, left). Due to their structure and function, SNAs occupy a materials space distinct from DNA nanotechnology
used in DPAC. Other variations used in practice include DNA origami scaffolds, polyvalent DNA molecules that have the capability to bind several complementary
the nanoparticles synthesized using extracts of plant and plant parts have emerged as a hope. Many workers have reported that the nanoparticles synthesized
performed on a linearized DNA plasmid template containing the targeted coding sequence. Then, naked mRNA or mRNA complexed in a nanoparticle will be delivered