Fibroblast growth factor 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FGF4 gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family. FGF family members possess broad mitogenic and cell survival activities...
Limb development in vertebrates is an area of active research in both developmental and evolutionary biology, with much of the latter work focused on the transition from fin to limb. Limb formation begins in the morphogenetic limb field, as...
The turnspit dog was a short-legged, long-bodied dog bred to run on a wheel, called a turnspit or dog wheel, to turn meat as it cooked. It is mentioned in Of English Dogs in 1576 under the name "Turnespete". William Bingley's Memoirs of British...
Achondroplasia is a genetic disorder whose primary feature is dwarfism. It is the most common cause of dwarfism and affects about 1 in 27,500 people. In those with the condition, the arms and legs are short, while the torso is typically of normal...
The Rhodesian Ridgeback is a large dog breed originally bred in Southern Africa. The original breed standard was drafted by F.R. Barnes, in Bulawayo, Southern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe), in 1922, and approved by the South African Kennel Union in 1927....
The Silkie, also known as the Silky or Chinese silk chicken, is a Chinese breed of chickens named for its atypically fluffy plumage, which is soft to the touch, like silk or fur. Its other unusual qualities include black skin and bones, blue...
This article is about the role of fibroblast growth factor signaling in mesoderm formation. Mesoderm formation is a complex developmental process involving an intricate network of signaling pathways that coordinate their activities to ensure that a...
An organoid is a miniaturised and simplified version of an organ produced in vitro in three dimensions that mimics the key functional, structural, and biological complexity of that organ. It is derived from one or a few cells from a tissue,...
The apical ectodermal ridge (AER) is a structure that forms from the ectodermal cells at the distal end of each limb bud and acts as a major signaling center to ensure proper development of a limb. After the limb bud induces AER formation, the AER...
In cellular biology, paracrine signaling is a form of cell signaling, a type of cellular communication in which a cell produces a signal to induce changes in nearby cells, altering the behaviour of those cells. Signaling molecules known as paracrine...
